Once humans moved from making sounds with their bodies - for example, by clapping-to using objects to create music from sounds, musical instruments were born. The academic study of musical instruments is called organology.īamileke slit drum drummers in Cameroon's West Province.Ī musical instrument is used to make musical sounds. However, the most common academic method, Hornbostel–Sachs, uses the means by which they produce sound. Instruments can be classified by their effective range, material composition, size, role, etc. Musical instrument classification is a discipline in its own right, and many systems of classification have been used over the years. While the evolution of traditional musical instruments slowed beginning in the 20th century, the proliferation of electricity led to the invention of new electric instruments, such as electric guitars, synthesizers and the theremin.
During the Classical and Romantic periods of music, lasting from roughly 1750 to 1900, many new musical instruments were developed. Development in the Americas occurred at a slower pace, but cultures of North, Central, and South America shared musical instruments.īy 1400, musical instrument development slowed in many areas and was dominated by the Occident. By the post-classical era, instruments from Mesopotamia were in maritime Southeast Asia, and Europeans played instruments originating from North Africa. However, contact among civilizations caused rapid spread and adaptation of most instruments in places far from their origin. Musical instruments developed independently in many populated regions of the world. However, most historians believe that determining a specific time of musical instrument invention is impossible, as many early musical instruments were made from animal skins, bone, wood, and other non-durable materials. Some consensus dates early flutes to about 37,000 years ago. The oldest object that some scholars refer to as a musical instrument, a simple flute, dates back as far as 67,000 years. The date and origin of the first device considered a musical instrument is disputed. Musical instruments evolved in step with changing applications and technologies. Cultures eventually developed composition and performance of melodies for entertainment. Early musical instruments may have been used for rituals, such as a horn to signal success on the hunt, or a drum in a religious ceremony. The history of musical instruments dates to the beginnings of human culture. A person who plays a musical instrument is known as an instrumentalist. In principle, any object that produces sound can be considered a musical instrument-it is through purpose that the object becomes a musical instrument. This still life painting depicts a variety of French Baroque musical instruments, such as a natural horn, transverse flute, musette, pardessus de viole, and lute.Ī musical instrument is a device created or adapted to make musical sounds. Anne Vallayer-Coster, Attributes of Music, 1770.
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